气候变化对土库曼斯坦农业的影响

基于土库曼斯坦Ashgabat,Bairam-ali,Chardzhou 3个气象站点多年月均气温、降水、日照时间等数据,得出土库曼斯坦近30a的气候变化特征,并综合分析气温、降水、日照时间等要素与农作物产量的相关性,气候变化对农业的影响.结果表明,在全球气候变化背景下,30a气温上升趋势明显,平均气温以0.52℃/10a的速率在降低,平均降水以24.1mm/10a的速率在减少;气候更加干旱、少雨,农业生态环境及草场退化,农作物产量、牲畜数不稳定.可为土库曼斯坦适应气候变化,科学调整农业布局,合理配置农牧业所用的水资源,防治农业生态系统的失衡,提高农业经济、农业区建设提供重要参考.

The Influence of Climate Change on Turkmenistan s Agriculture

The paper works out Turkmenistan s climate change features for nearly 30 years by liner equation, based on the data of years of average monthly temperature, rainfall, sunshine duration from its three weather stations -Ashgabat, Bairam-ali, and Chardzhou. It comprehensively analyzes the correlation of such meteorological elements as air temperature, rainfall and sun exposure and the crop yield, and it also studies the influence of climate change on agriculture. The results show that the temperature raised sharply, the average air temperature lowered at the rate of 0.52 ℃/10 a, the average rainfall declined at the rate of 24. 1 mm/10 a in these years; The drier the weather becomes and the less it rains, the less stable the agroecological environment, the deterioration of grasslands, the crop yield and the output of livestock will be. This paper can be a reference guide for Turkmenistan s researching on adapting to climate change, scientifically adjusting agricultural allocation, rationally allocating water resource for agriculture and animal husbandry and preventing the out-of-balance of agroecological system.