基于风险度和灰色理论的电梯安全评价及其应用

为了有效的评价电梯的安全状况，减少电梯事故的发生，提出了风险度和灰色理论相结合的评价方法来评估电梯的安全状况，从严重度和可能性两个方面建立电梯安全评价指标体系，运用AHP和熵权法确定权重的基础上，引入了距离函数法和最小相对信息熵原理确定权重组合，在运用灰色理论建立白化权函数的同时，结合事故风险度理论对电梯的风险值进行修正，根据修正后的风险值来评估电梯的风险等级。方法应用于某乘客电梯，结果表明：此电梯存在安全隐患，通过计算未建立风险度理论和仅考虑电梯部件因素等两组试验下的电梯风险值，并与建立风险度理论而得到的电梯风险值作对比分析，从而证明本法能准确的反映出电梯的安全状况。

Elevator Safety Assessment and Application Based on Risk Degree and Grey Theory

In order to effectively evaluate the safety status of elevators and decrease accidents caused by elevators, an assessment method combining risk degree and grey theory was proposed to evaluate the safety status of elevator. The two aspects of severity and possibility were all taken into account to establish the safety assessment index system of elevator. The weight was determine by AHP and the entropy weight method. The distance function method and the minimum relative information entropy principle were introduced to determine the weight combination. At the same time, the gray theory was used to establish the gray class and whitening right function. The elevator risk value was revised by the theory of accident risk degree, which evaluates the risk level of the elevator based on the revised score. The method was applied to a certain passenger elevator, which the research results show that there was a safety hazard in this elevator. The elevator risk value is calculated by without establishing risk degree theory and only considering the elevator component. Then making comparison between the former value and the latter value obtained by establishing risk degree theory. It proves that this method can accurately reflect the safety situation of elevator.