从煤烟型污染的时空变化看西部地区的环境安全问题

利用部分城市的TSP和SO2质量浓度数据,通过克里格空间插值法,直观反映了1990～2000年煤烟型污染在我国三大地带城市之间的变化态势,发现TSP和SO2污染中心有由东部向西部转移的动向.目前,三大地带城市之间已经形成了明显的环境梯度,西部地区部分工矿业城市已成为新的污染中心.之所以会出现这种情况,主要是受资源禀赋和经济发展水平的影响所致.近年来,国家进一步加大了对西部地区的投资力度,东部高物耗、高污染工业也有向西部转移的趋势,西部地区生态环境面临进一步恶化的危险.出于保障西部环境安全的考虑,其资源的开发应采用跨越式发展模式,同时要加强生态建设.

The spatial and temporal variation of coal smoke pollution and the environmental security in Western China

Environmental security is an important aspect of the national security. With the development of economy and globalization, its importance will be strengthened in the future. Since coal smoke is the primary culprit in pollution in China, it has become a main object of research into environmental security. In this paper, the Kriging interpolation model is used to deal with the data of TSP and SO2 concentration in cities, so the time-space change of coal smoke pollution among the three zones is reflected clearly. During past decades, the trend of TSP and SO2 center moving from east to west is obvious; the environmental gradient from Eastern China to Western China have come into being. Some industrial cities in Western China have become new atmospheric pollution centers in place of the eastern cities. The key reason for this phenomenon is the three zone's different resource bases and economic levels. After the "Grand Development of Western China" strategy was brought forward, the investment there has increased dramatically. But at the same time, the signs of high resource consumption and high-pollution industries being transferred to Western China have also appeared. The environment there is confronted with the danger of deterioration. In order to protect the environmental security of Western China, resources in the west should be exploited and, on the other hand, the construction of environment also should be strengthened.