基于V2G的电动汽车有序充放电控制策略

大规模电动汽车作为移动存储的电力负荷,其无序充电行为将会导致电网出现负荷峰谷差加大、负荷率降低等问题。文中分别从电网侧和用户侧的角度,研究基于车网互动(V2G,vehicle to grid)的电动汽车有序充放电控制策略。在电网侧以负荷曲线均方差最小为目标函数,在用户侧以电动汽车用户参与V2G获得的经济收益最大化为目标函数,并且考虑到电动汽车实际充放电功率、可用容量及用户日常设置等约束条件,采用粒子群优化算法进行仿真求解。分别以重庆2020年、2025年和2030年电动汽车有序充放电为例,对电动汽车在电网侧和用户侧的有序充放电进行优化控制仿真分析。算例结果表明,所提出的电网侧和用户侧电动汽车有序充放电优化控制模型能有效降低负荷峰谷差、平滑负荷曲线并为参与V2G服务的用户带来经济收益。

Ordered charging and discharging control strategy of EVs based on V2G

Large scale electric vehicles, as the power load of mobile storage, will lead to the problem of load peak and valley difference and load rate reduction. In this paper, the control strategy of ordered charging and discharging of electric vehicles based on V2G is studied from the perspective of the power grid side and the user side. On the grid side, we made the load curve of the minimum mean square error as the objective function, on the user side, we made the benefit maximization of electric car users participating in the maximum V2G as the objective function.And the actual electric vehicles charge and discharge power, available capacity and user daily setting constraints are taken into account in sumulating test. Taking the orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles in Chongqing in 2020, 2025 and 2030 as an example, the optimization and control analysis of electric vehicle''s orderly charging and discharging on the grid side and the user side are carried out. The results show that the proposed optimal charging and discharging control model of electric vehicles on the grid side and the user side can effectively reduce the load peak valley difference, smooth load curve and bring economic benefits to users involved in V2G services.