影响高速公路交通的致灾大风危险性评价

 利用全国2373个国家级地面气象观测站2005-2014年10 min平均风速以及2009-2014年1 h内极大风速资料，基于气象行业标准（QX/T 111-2010）中风力对高速公路交通运行影响的等级划分，选取频率与强度作为指标构建评价体系，结合熵权法计算致灾因子危险性综合指数，编制全国致灾大风危险性评价图。结果表明，对高速公路交通运行产生影响的致灾大风高危险区主要分布在内蒙古中西部、西藏北部和西部的局部地区以及新疆阿拉山口、达坂城、三十里风区与百里风区范围内；较高危险区主要分布在内蒙古中部和西部、甘肃西部、青海西部和南部、新疆西北部和东部以及东部沿海的部分地区；全国其他地区主要高速公路沿线的致灾大风危险性则相对较低。

Assessment of disaster-inducing gale hazard for expressway transportation

Based on the observations of the 10-minute mean wind speed during 2005 to 2014 and the hourly extreme wind speed during 2009 to 2014 in 2373 national meteorological stations, and with consideration of the grades of wind effects on the expressway transportation in the meteorological standard (QX/T111-2010), the frequency and the intensity of the disaster-inducing gale are selected as the evaluation indexes, and the hazard of the disaster-inducing factors is evaluated with the entropy weight method. The nationwide distribution of the disaster-inducing gale hazard for the expressway transportation is obtained, which illustrates that the highest risk areas are mainly located in the west-central Inner Mongolia, the north and west Tibetan plateau, and Alashan Passes, Daban City, Sanshili and Baili Wind areas of Xinjiang. The second high risk areas are mainly distributed in the middle and west Inner Mongolia, the western Gansu, the western and southern Qinghai, the east and north-central Xinjiang, the northwest of Northern Xinjiang and the coastal areas of the northeastern Shandong Peninsula, the southeastern Fujian, the southwestern Hainan. The disaster-inducing gale hazard is relatively low in other regions.