陆空平台旋翼叶型参数气动性能多目标优化研究

陆空平台兼具旋翼无人机和无人车的特点，对各种室内外复杂作业环境均有较佳的适应性，但不同作业环境对旋翼的升力、悬停效率等气动性能的需求并不一致，单一叶型难以满足这种差异化需求. 针对此问题，基于类函数/形函数方法，以伯恩斯坦多项式对翼型弦长、扭转角和旋翼前缘位置沿径向的分布进行了参数化表述，实现原旋翼叶型的三维参数建模重构，随后采用数值方法进行了关键叶型参数对气动性能的敏感性分析. 计算结果表明，翼尖附近的弦长和扭转角对气动性能影响较大，且弦长和扭转角间存在明显的交互效应. 据此以升力和品质因子为目标，对原旋翼叶型进行了多目标优化设计并进行了试验验证，试验结果表明，高升力叶型的旋翼升力系数提高了13.2%，高品质因子叶型的旋翼品质因子提高了37.8%，基于伯恩斯坦多项式与类函数/形函数方法结合的叶型三维参数化优化方法，能够有效提升旋翼升力或品质因子等气动性能指标. 

Multi-Objective Optimization of Rotor Blade Aerodynamic Performance of Aerial-Ground Platform

Aerial-ground platforms have the characteristics of both rotor UAV and unmanned vehicle, and have better adaptability for various indoor and outdoor complex environments. However, different operating environments have different requirements for aerodynamic performance such as rotor lift and hovering efficiency. A single leaf type is difficult to meet these differentiated requirements. To solve this problem, based on the class function/shape function (CST) method, a Bernstein polynomial was used to parametrically express the airfoil chord length, torsion angle and the position of the rotor leading edge position along the radial direction to achieve the original rotor blade shape. Three-dimensional parameter modeling and reconstruction, and then numerical methods were used to analyze the sensitivity of key blade profile parameters to aerodynamic performance. The calculation results show that the chord length and torsion angle near the wing tip had a greater impact on the aerodynamic performance, and there was an obvious interaction effect between the chord length and the torsion angle. With lift and quality factor as the goal, the original rotor blade was designed with multi-objective optimization and experimented. The test results show that the rotor lift coefficient of the high-lift blade profile was increased by 13.2%, and the rotor quality factor of the high-quality factor blade profile was increased by 37.8%. The optimization method of the three-dimensional parameterization of the blade profile based on the combination of Bernstein polynomial and CST can effectively improve aerodynamic performance indicators such as rotor lift or quality factor.