从语法分析到修辞阐释--结构主义文论向解结构主义文论转换的实质

结构主义文学理论强调文本的确定性、清晰性、规律性;在对文学作品的深层结构进行解剖时,语法关系经常被作为一种认识模型而使用;即使接触到一些修辞问题时,也采用典型的语法研究方法.解构主义文学理论则更多地受20世纪修辞学研究,特别是语境理论与话语理论影响,强调文本的动态性、历时性、不确定性,运用修辞批评对文本进行拆解.从某种意义上说,结构主义文学研究主要采用的是语法分析的视角,而解构主义文学研究主要采用的是修辞阐释的视角.

From Grammatical Analysis to Rhetorical Explanation--The essential of literary theory's turning from structuralism to deconstructionism

According to the structuralistm literary theory, a text has it's identify, definition, and regularity. In their study of literature , grammatical relationship is always taken for a recognizant type by theortists, and grammatical analysis is used even before a rhetorical question. On the other hand, the literary theory of deconstructionism is affected mostly by the rhetorical theory of 20th century ,which take a text for a dynamic, historical and indefinable one. Come to the point, the theorists of structuralism always view a text from grammatical point as the theorists of deconstructionism always from the rhetorical point.