基于Maxwell和Simplorer的2 kW低速永磁发电机设计

针对低风速、风资源欠佳且用电困难的地区，为改善风力发电机的低速发电性能，提高风能利用率，设计了一种应用于2 kW风力发电机组的低转速永磁发电机，利用磁路法对2 kW永磁发电机进行电磁设计，获得发电机的主要尺寸参数，其中定子内径为180 mm,铁心长度为90 mm,永磁体宽度为20 mm,永磁体厚度为4.5 mm。采用ANSYS Maxwell软件进行二维建模并分析其空载和负载情况下的磁场分布，通过ANSYS Maxwell和Simplorer联合对其仿真，对其瞬态特性进行分析。在此基础上研制了低转速永磁风力发电机样机，通过对比发电机转速在256～400 r/min时，样机试验与仿真的功率值和效率值，二者的最大误差为4.47%,低于5%,结果表明该低转速永磁发电机设计可行。

Design of 2kW low speed permanent magnet generator based on Maxwell and Simplorer

In order to improve the low-speed power generation performance of wind turbines and improve the utilization rate of wind energy, a low-speed permanent magnet generator for 2kW wind turbines is designed for areas with low wind speed, poor wind resources and difficult power consumption. The electromagnetic design of 2kW permanent magnet generator is carried out by magnetic circuit method, and the main size parameters of the generator are obtained. The inner diameter of the stator is 180 mm, the length of the core is 90 mm, the width of the permanent magnet is 20 mm, and the thickness of the permanent magnet is 4.5 mm. ANSYS Maxwell software was used to build a two-dimensional model and analyze the magnetic field distribution under no-load and load conditions. Through the joint simulation of ANSYS Maxwell and Simplorer, the transient characteristics were analyzed. On this basis, a low-speed permanent magnet wind generator prototype was developed. By comparing the power and efficiency values of the prototype test and simulation when the generator speed was 256-400r·min-1, the maximum error between the two was4.47%, less than5%. The results show that the design of the low-speed permanent magnet generator is feasible.