日本农业补贴政策的历史考察——以昭和初期为对象

日本农业保护体系成型于二战后，但农业保护的理念和部分政策手段早在二战前即已出现。农业补贴作为对本国农业支持与保护政策体系中最常用的政策工具，在日本有着近百年的发展历史。本文以昭和初期为考察对象，分析在不同财政政策的影响下日本农业补贴规模、内容和目标的阶段性特征。同时指出经济危机和战争时期，国家以补贴为手段加强政策对农村的介入，达到了统制农村的目的。

A Historic Investigation of Agricultural Subsidies in Japan --Taking Early Showa Period as a Case Study

Agricultural protecting system in Japan was formed after the World War II, but prior to it, the concepts and policies of pro tecting agriculture had emerged already. As the most commonly used policy instruments in the national agricultural supporting system, agricultural subsidies had nearly a hundred years of history in Japan. This paper is oriented towards early Showa, analyzes various char acteristics of the scale, contents and goals of agricultural subsidies under the influences of different fiscal policies. Also it points out that the nation uses subsidizes as means to strengthen the intervention on rural policies, so as to govern rural areas.