春小麦感光性遗传的初步研究

小麦是数量长日植物,其不同品种对日长反应的敏感程度不同。利用在广东冬季补充长光照条件下比自然短光照条件下的提前抽穗促进率,可以间接表示不同杂交组合的感光性强弱。用感光性强弱不等的春小麦亲本配置出的杂交组合,其子代与亲代,下代与上代的感光性之间存在着密切相关。如果要选育广适性的感光性弱的品种,最好双亲都选用感光性弱的材料,至少亲本之一的感光性要弱。在短光照条件下,杂种后代感光性不同的类型明显分离,抽穗天数遗传力较高。在F_2代根据抽穗早晚对感光性进行选择就可以得到较可靠的效果。因此,利用在广东冬繁时的短光照条件,可以选择出感光性弱而适应性广的春小麦材料。

A Preliminary Study on the Heredity of Light Sensitivity of Spring Wheat

Wheat is a quantitatively long-day crop, and different varieties of wheat have different sensitivities to daylength. In winter at Guangdong the wheat supplied with long light would come into ear in advance of that , in naturally short light, and the time taken to come into ear could indirectly show the degree of light sensitivity of different varieties and crosses.The crosses were from spring wheat parents of different light sensitivites. There were close correlations on light sensitivity between the parent and F1 generation of the cross. If a broad adaptive and. light-sensitive variety were bred, both parents should be selected from source mate riap weak light sensitivety at least one with weak light sensitivity, and at least oneThe different light-sensitive types of hybrid progeny were obviously separate in short light condition and its hereditary capacity of day-number of heading is relatively high. At F2 generation it was reliably effective to select light sensitivity according to the time of heading.There-fore, it was concluded that the weakly light-sensitive and broad adaptive parent material of spring wheat could be selected in short light at winter reproduction time in Guangdong.