基于KJ法和ANP法的人机交互界面可用性研究

机械产品的用户界面属于实体用户界面,已被广泛应用于生活和生产中;但与图形界面相比,实体界面可用性设计的相关研究分析非常少。因此,针对机械产品的人机交互界面,在其可用性评估过程中,结合KJ法设计出了一种确定产品可用性指标的多指标定义模型,从而将现有的固定可用性定义转换为一种以"操作界面整体可用性"为总目标的多指标定义形式。然后将KJ法得到的机械产品人机交互界面多指标可用性定义模型中二级指标间有向网络结构作为ANP(analytic network process)结构模型,采用定性转化为定量的方式对数据进行处理,计算相互影响的可用性指标权重,得到可用性评估体系。针对评估体系,继续采用问卷的形式,得到用户对机械产品人机交互界面的可用性评估分值。对评估结果进行分析;并采用用户访谈的方式将评估结果与实际的界面元素相落实。该可用性评估方法可以快速把握产品可用性现状及产品可用性改进方案。

Research on Usability of Human-Machine User Interface Based on KJ Method and ANP Method

The user interface of mechanical products are solid user interface, which has been widely used in life and production. However, compared with a graphical interface, there is little usability research of solid interface. Therefore, in view of the man-machine interface of mechanical products, this study devised a multi-index definition model which combined with KJ method to determine product availability indexes in the process of the usability evaluation. This model converted the fixed definition of usability to an multi-index definition form which put the "overall usability of interface" as the overall goal. Then the directed network structure from the secondary indexes of the model would be treated as the structure of ANP model. The data processing used the method of qualitative into quantitative. Finally the usability evaluation system was gotten through computing the weights of interacting usability index. In view of the evaluation system, a user survey would be made to get the usability evaluation score of man-machine interface. Analyzing the evaluation results and interviewing users helped to correspond the evaluation results to the interface elements. This usability evaluation method can quickly grasp the status and improvements of product usability.