吸烟的重金属危害与DNA损伤

目的 探讨习惯性吸烟对血浆内重金属含量变化以及DNA损伤的影响.方法 湘南学院94名健康大学三年级男生,20名不吸烟者（对照组,C组）;74名吸烟者,按照吸烟数量分为E1组（≤20支/周）,E2组（＞20支/周）;测定每个大学生血浆内汞、镉、铅及8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）的含量,并比较了组间有无差异.结果 C组,E1组,E2组血浆中：①汞含量分别为0.022±0.016、0.036±0.018、0.058±0.013 μmol/L;镉含量分别为0.012±0.008、0.020±0.010、0.031±0.013 μmol/L;铅含量分别为0.209±0.028、0.251±0.018、0.272±0.032 μmol/L,三组之间差异均有统计学意义（P 〈 0.01）;②8-OHdG分别为204.23±28.48、354.84±36.13、517.15±19.74 μg/L,三组之间差异有统计学意义（P 〈 0.01）;③吸烟者吸烟指数与血浆中镉、铅及8-OHdG的含量均呈正相关（r分别为0.646、0.520、0.743,P 〈 0.05）.结论 习惯性吸烟能够导致机体重金属的集聚性中毒,并且伴有机体DNA的损伤.随着吸烟量与吸烟时间的累积,这种有害效应的危险性也将显著增大.

Study on heavy metals toxicity and DNA injury in habitual cigarette smoking

Objective To study the effect of habitual cigarette smoking on the plasma levels of both heavy metals and 8 - OHdG. Methods Ninty four healthy male junior in Xiangnan University, 20 from nonsmokers （control group） and 74 from smokers whom were divided into two groups according to the cigarette consumption per week, which were E1 group（ ≤20 cigarettes per week） and E2 group（ 〉 20 cigarettes per week）. Each plasma samples was collected to determine the levels of cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb）, mercury （Hg） and 8 - OHdG, compare the significant difference with each group. Results In C, E1 and E2 group, the plasma Hg was 0.022 ± 0.016, 0.036±0.018 and 0.058 ± 0.013 μmol/L, respectively（ P 〈 0.01）. The plasma Cd was 0.012 ± 0.008, 0.020±0.010, 0.031 ± 0.013 μmol/L and Pb was 0.209 ± 0.028, 0.251 ±0.018, 0.272 ± 0.032 μmol/L respectively（ P 〈0.01）. The plasma 8 - OHdG was 204.23 ± 28.48, 354.84 ± 36.13and 517.15 ± 19.74 μg/L respectively（ P 〈 0.01）. A high positive correlation was noted between the plasma levels of Cd（ r = 0.646, P 〈0.01）, Pb（ r = 0.520, P 〈 0.05）, and8-OHdG（ r = 0.743, P 〈0.01） in smokingindex. Conclusion Habitual cigarette smoking can lead to assemble toxic heavy metals and usually be accompanied with DNA injury in human. With the increasing of the consumption and period in habitual cigarette smoking, the risk of the adverse effect will rise obviously.