虫害诱导的水稻挥发物抑制水稻病原菌的生长

虫害诱导的植物挥发物在调节植物、植食性昆虫及其天敌的相互关系以及植物与植物之间的化学通讯中有重要作用. 为了阐明植物挥发物功能的多样性, 研究了虫害诱导的水稻挥发物对植物病原菌生长的影响. 结果表明, 供试的7种虫害诱导的水稻挥发物对稻瘟病菌Pyricularia grisea Sacc. 和水稻纹枯病菌Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. 的生长均有抑制作用. 挥发物的种类以及不同的处理浓度导致了抑制作用间的差异, 其中绿叶性气味物质(E)-2-己烯醛和(E)-2-己烯-1-醇对病原菌抑制作用最强, 另外萜烯类物质中芳樟醇对其也有明显的抑制. 虫害诱导的挥发物对植物病原菌生长的抑制说明了植物间接防御物质具有对植物病原菌直接防御的功能, 植物挥发物在植物病虫害防治中的潜力巨大.

Influence of the herbivore-induced rice volatiles on fungal disease

Plant volatiles induced by herbivores play significant roles in the interactions between plant and herbivores and they also participate in chemical communication among plants. To elucidate the various functions of plant volatiles, we studied the effects of herbivore-induced volatiles on pathogenic rice fungi. The results showed that seven different types of volatile compounds inhibited the growth of Pyricularia grisea Sacc. (rice blast) and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. (sheath blight). There were significant differences among the different volatiles and the different treatments. The green leaf odor volatiles (GLOVs), such as (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, significantly inhibited the growth of P. grisea and R. solani, and linalool also inhibited the growth of phytopathogens. The ability of these volatiles to inhibit pathogen growth suggests that plants produce these volatiles as a direct defense, and also that these volatiles have great potential for the control of plant pests and diseases.