东海和黄海双斑（蟳）4个地理群体的形态学变异研究

运用单因素方差分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析对双斑（蟳）日照、胶南、吕泗和舟山渔场4个群体的形态学差异进行了比较研究.单因素方差分析的结果显示,4个取样点双斑（蟳）群体未达到亚种差异水平.聚类分析结果表明,日照渔场群体和胶南渔场群体的欧氏距离最小,胶南渔场群体与舟山渔场群体间的欧氏距离最大,黄海群体与东海群体之间存在差异性.判别分析结果支持聚类分析所得出的结论.由此认为,东海与黄海双斑（蟳）群体间存在一定的形态差异.

Morphological Variation Among Four Populations of Charybdis bimaculata in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea

Morphological variation among four geographic populations of Charybdis bimaculata in Jiao- nan, Rizhao, Lvsi and Zhoushan were studied using one way - ANOVA analysis, principal component analy- sis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. One way - ANOVA analysis revealed the difference between Charybdis bimaculata from different geographical populations. The results of the cluster analysis showed that Euclidean distance between Jiaonan population and Zhoushan population was the largest among Charybdis bi- maculata populations while Rizhao population and Jiaonan population was the smallest; cluster analysis indi- cated that there were morphological differences between the East China Sea population and the Yellow Sea population. The principal component analysis resulted in four principal components, the contributory ratios of the four principal components were 23.685%, 16. 475%, 13.662% and 10. 245%, respectively, and the cumulative contributory ratio was 71. 657%. Scatter diagram of the principal component indicated that the re- sult of principal component analysis was almost the same with the cluster analysis. The discriminant analysis revealed that the discriminant accuracy of Jiaonan, Rizhao, Lvsi and Zhoushan population were 73.7%, 78.6%, 36. 7% and 56. 7%, respectively; and the average discriminant accuracy was 61.4%. The con- tributory ratios of two canonical discriminant functions established by discriminant analysis were 52.7% and 35.4%, respectively, and the cumulative contributory ratio was 88. 1%. The conclusion of the cluster analysis and the principal component analysis was supported by the result of scatter plots of canonical discriminant functions. This research showed that there were morphological differences between Charybdis bimaculata populations in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.