灌注桩承载特性测试技术研究进展

灌注桩凭借承载力高、施工工艺成熟、施工机械化程度高等优点被广泛应用于城市建设中。有效确定灌注桩的承载特性和充分掌握承载特性的测试方法,是确保建(构)筑物安全使用的前提和保证。为此,本文围绕灌注桩承载特性和承载特性关键测试方法进行了梳理,总结和评述了国内外相关的最新研究现状,系统归纳了灌注桩承载特性的影响因素和荷载传递规律,重点介绍了低应变法、声波透射法、高应变法、静载荷试验、自平衡试验等灌注桩完整性和承载特性测试方法的原理与特点,简述了分布式光纤测试技术在灌注桩承载性能测试方面的最新研究进展,综合现有研究成果对灌注桩桩端阻力、桩侧摩阻力以及桩身荷载传递规律进行了概述与分析,最后基于目前灌注桩承载特性及测试方法的研究不足与缺陷,提出了具有针对性的建议措施以促进灌注桩承载特性测试方法的进步与发展。

Research progress on testing technology of bearing characteristics of cast-in-place pile

Cast-in-place pile is widely used in urban construction because of its advantages of high bearing capacity, mature construction technology and high degree of construction mechanization. To determine the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place piles effectively and to master the testing methods of bearing characteristics are the prerequisite and guarantee for the safe use of structures. For this reason, this paper focuses on the bearing characteristics of cast-in piles and the key testing methods of bearing characteristics. The latest research status at home and abroad is summarized and reviewed. The influencing factors and load transfer rules of cast-in-place pile bearing characteristics are systematically summarized. The principle and characteristics of testing methods for integrity and bearing characteristics of cast-pile such as low strain method, acoustic transmission method, high strain method, static load test and self-balancing test are introduced. The latest research progress of distributed optical fiber testing technology in load bearing performance testing of cast-in-place piles is briefly introduced. Based on the existing research results, the end resistance, side friction resistance and load transfer rule of pile are summarized and analyzed. Finally, based on the current research on the bearing characteristics of cast-in-place piles and testing methods, there are deficiencies and defects. Some suggestions and measures are put forward to promote the progress and development of testing methods for bearing characteristics of cast-in-situ piles.