农业生产的灰水足迹研究综述

农业生产是用水和水压力的主要原因,灰水足迹的提出为农业生产水污染领域的研究提供了新的研究思路。国内外学者们在农业生产灰水足迹领域取得了丰富的研究成果,但尚处于不断更新与发展的阶段,且缺乏核算方法、空间分布格局和影响因素等方面的系统研究。本文首先梳理了农业灰水足迹核算模型发展历程,然后从主要农作物种类、灰水足迹核算尺度、核算容许限制选择等角度分析了国内外灰水足迹空间分布格局研究现状,最后总结了农药化肥的施加、经济与资本深化程度、城乡结构、技术和产业结构、人口与社会福利等因素对农业灰水足迹总量变化的影响,提出了灰水足迹评估不足与未来研究突破点。以期为后续科学核算农业生产灰水足迹提供新的研究思路,同时为区域农业可持续发展提供理论支持。

Review on the grey water footprint of agricultural production

Agricultural production is the main contributor of water use and water pressure. Grey water footprint provides a new research idea for analyzing water pollution in agricultural production. Scholars have gained lots of research achievements in agricultural gray water footprint since it was put forward. However, the research is still updating and developing, and lacks systematic study of accounting methods, spatial distributions, driving factors. We firstly reviewed the development of evaluation methods for agricultural grey water footprint, then analyzed the research status of the spatial distributions of gray water footprint from the perspectives of crops, gray water footprint accounting scales, accounting allowable limits. We also summarized the influences of pesticides and fertilizers applications, economic and capital degrees, urban and rural structure, technology and industrial structure, population and social welfare on the agricultural gray water footprint. Finally, we pointed out the research limitations and simultaneously predicted the future research of agricultural gray footprint. We hope to provide not only new research ideas for analyzing agricultural water footprint, but also supports for developing sustainable agriculture.