豫南豫北夏玉米高产稳产气象因子影响的差异性分析

为了找出豫南夏玉米高产稳产的气象限制因子,趋利避害,增产稳产,选取了豫南驻马店和豫北新乡地形地貌较为相似的两地,从温度、降水、光照几方面进行详细分析和研究.结果表明:豫南温度资源丰富,能满足夏玉米生长发育的需要,但平均温度偏高且温度日较差较小是玉米生长限制因子.豫南45%的年份降水量都远远超过夏玉米全生育期所需要量,洪涝和渍害频发,对玉米产量影响最大.日照对夏玉米产量的影响从属于降水和温度,在降水和温度都正常的情况下,日照越多,增产的潜力越大,但寡照年份不一定减产.和豫北平原相比,光、温、水在豫南夏玉米高产稳产中的限制作用由大到小排序为降水、温度、光照.

The Meteorological Limit Factors Analysis of Summer Corn High and Stable Yield in South and North Henan

Zhumadian in S outh Henan and Xinxiang in North Henan with similar topography were selected to find the meteorological limit factors for the stable high yield of summer corn in South Henan. The temperature, precipitation and light were studied,the results showed as follow. The heat resource was rich and it could meet the need of summer maize growth and development,but higher temperature and smaller daily range were its growth limiting factors. Precipitation with 45% of the year was much more than summer corn whole growth requirements and it brought about floods and wet frequently and reducing the maize yield. The influence of sunshine on summer maize yield belongs to the influence of temperature and precipitation. The more sunshine is,the more yield would be gained. In the condition with normal rainfall and temperature,the yield won’t cut with less sunlight. The order according to their contribution to the summer corn yield showed as precipitation,temperature and sunlight.