广东南岭自然保护区广东松群落特征的研究

应用植被调查样地法研究了广东南岭自然保护区广东松群落的种类组成、区系地理成分、物种多样性,以及优势种种群的年龄结构等特征.结果表明,在3 000 m2样方中,有维管植物171种,隶属于64科105属.群落的数量优势科为蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、山茶科、樟科、冬青科、茜草科、山矾科和木兰科等,种类组成的科、属的地理成分以热带成分占优势,温带成分也占有很大的比例,特别是群落的主要建群种以温带成分为主,体现出广东松群落具有明显的中亚热带山地针-阔叶混交林植被的典型特征.群落乔木层优势种为广东松、五列木、甜椎、疏齿木荷和福建柏等.群落的Simpson和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为0.927和5.225.广东松种群的立木结构表明,I级更新幼苗少,属于相对稳定至中袁种群,将来可能被阔叶树种群取代.

Studies on Pinus kwangtungensis community at Ruyang,Nanling National Nature Reserve,Guangdong

The species diversity, floristic elements, and age structure of the dominant species population of the Pinus kwangtungensis community in Ruyang, Nanling Nature Reserve of Guangdong, were studied by using the method of plots for vegetation survey. There are 171 species of vascular plants belonging to 105 genera and 64 families in an area of 3 000 m^2. The amount dominant families of the community are Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Theaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Rubiaceae, Symplocaeae, and Magnoliaceae, etc. Most of the floristic elements of family and genera are Pan-tropical and North temperate distributed, and this fits the typical characteristics of middle subtropical vegetation. The dominant species in arbor layer of the community are Pinus kwangtungensis, Pentaphylax euryoides, Castanopsis eyrei, Schima remotiserrata, and Fokienia hodginsii, etc. The species indexes of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener of the community are 0. 927 and 5. 225, respectively. Analysis on the age structure of species population indicates that Pinus kwangtungensis expressed a relative stability to middle decling tendency because of the less young seedlings in the generation layer, which indicates that those population will be replaced by some other populations of broadleaf species in the future.