牡丹和芍药台阁花中上方花的来源

运用形态特征观测和组织解剖比较相结合的方法,研究了牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)和芍药(Paeonia lactijlora)台阁花花型中上方花的来源．发现台阁花上方花的各类器官中总是显现出心皮的形态和解剖结构的印迹,上方花的各个器官都带有房衣的变态物,特别是“类子房结构”在牡丹上方花花萼片中的出现和筒状花瓣横切面上两段不同组织结构的存在以及上方花中心皮数目不断增多的特点,认为台阁花中上方花的花萼、花瓣和雄蕊等各类器官都是由心皮原基转化发育而形成的．

The origin of the higher-flower of the proliferation flower in Paeonia suffruticosa and P.lactiflora

The proliferation flower in the Paeonia consists of a high flower and low flower and exists in some cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. (MD) and P. lactiflora Pall.(SY). Based on the facts that all organs in the high flower usually present carpel morphological traces in the process of transformational development, such as pubes, a carpel marked trait and, especially there is a cavity which is similar to ovary cavity in the transverse section of the transformational development of the sepal of MD and there are two different sections in the anatomical structure of the tubular petal of SY. Also, the carpel amount increases in the high flowers of the above two species and it is thus deemed that the high flower origins from the transformational development of carpel primordia. Furthermore, according to the organic composition of the high flower, the proliferation flower is divided into green proliferation, colorful proliferation, golden proliferation and three-strata proliferation. Lastly, the relation between the classification of flower type and the evolutionary level has been discussed and it it thought that the proliferation flower is derivative.