六种植物提取物对马尾松毛虫的抑食作用及毒性

通过生物测定检验了合欢、木槿、皂荚、川楝、苦楝和苦豆草六种植物的提取物对马尾松毛虫的抑食作用和毒性。木槿和合欢的提取物对松毛虫取食无显著影响，也不具毒性。皂荚的乙醇提取物对松毛虫有抑食作用，但不具毒性。川楝、苦楝的石油醚提取物及川楝的乙醇提取物在较高浓度下抑制松毛虫的取食并对它们具毒性。苦豆草总生物碱的水溶部分对松毛虫有显著的抑食作用。水溶性生物碱、苦参碱、Ｎ－氧化苦参碱、槐定碱，野靛碱、苦豆碱均对松毛虫有不同程度的抑食作用和毒性。其中，Ｎ－氧化苦参碱和槐定碱表现出较强的抑食作用，槐定碱和苦豆碱对松毛虫表现出较高的毒性。

FEEDING INHIBITION AND TOXICITY OF THE EXTRACTS FROM SIX SPECIES OF PLANTS ON CATERPILLARS OF DENDROLIMUS PUCTATUS WALKER

Feeding inhibition and toxicity of the extracts from the six plants: Melia azedarach Linn., M. toosenelen Sieb. et Zncc., Gleditschia sinensis Lam, Hibiscus syriscus Linn., Albizia julibrissin Durazz., and Sophora alopecuroides Linn. on the caterpillars of Dendrolimaus puctatus Walker were examined by the bioassay. It was found that the extracts of A. julibrissin and H. syriscus did not affect caterpillars' feeding significantly and showed no toxicity to the caterpillars. The alcohol extracts of G. sinensis inhibited caterpillars' feeding. but showed no toxicily to them. The petroleum ether extracts of M. azedarach and M. toosenelen and the alcohol extracts of M. toosenelen inhibited caterpillars' feding and showed toxicity to them at higher concentrations. The water solvable parts of the total alkaloids of S. alopecuroides inhibited cateripllars' feeding significantly. The water solvable alkaloids, matrine, N-oxymatrine, sophoridine, cytisine, aloperine showed feeding inhibition and toxicity to caterpillars at different levels. Among them, N-oxymatrine and sophoridine showed stronger effects of feeding inhibition, sophoridine and aloperine showed higher toxicity to caterpillars.