明清时期漕船的趱运

明清时期,为保证漕粮船只按时抵达目的地,朝廷分别委派中央官员和地方官员对漕船进行催趱。明初,中央官员的委派并无定制,自万历六年开始以御史为专职催趱漕船的中央官员;清承明制,直至清末。催趱漕船的地方官员,明清两代略有不同。明清两代以漕运为国家命脉,视漕粮为＂天庾正供＂,朝廷设官派员,专司催趱之责,及由此而起。然而在催趱漕船的过程中存在很多弊端。

Hastening grain transporting in the Ming and Qing dynasties

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, in order to make the grain ships reach the destination on time, central and local officials were assigned by the government to hasten the ships. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was not customized. Since the sixth year of Wanli~ Yushi was assigned as the special central official to hasten the grain ships, and this lasted to the end of the Qing Dynasty. As to the local officials in charge of grain transporting, they had a little difference in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Just because grain transporting was taken as the national lifeline, and tribute grain as ＂national materials＂ in the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were such special officials. However, there were a lot of disadvantages in the process of hastening grain transporting.