拒马河底栖动物多样性及其水质评价

首次对拒马河(北京段)的底栖动物群落结构和物种多样性进行了为期9个月的调查分析,并且就其水质现状及底栖动物种类和数量变化对污染的指示意义加以探讨和研究.结果表明,拒马河底栖动物种类较为丰富,物种多样性高,水质生物指标综合评价拒马河水体只受到轻度和中度污染,水质等级为二级.还讨论了底栖动物环境指示种的生态特性.研究表明,水丝蚓(寡毛类)、摇蚊(类)幼虫的数量与污染程度大体呈正相关,软体动物的物种数量与河流污染程度呈负相关.此外,通过对软体动物、环节动物、水生昆虫在不同站点分布的差异分析,表明河流水体污染可导致底栖动物多样性明显降低.从底栖动物指示种的变化,可预测水质变化的趋势以及季节性的差异.

Assessment of Water Quality in Juma River by the Community Structure and Biodiversity of Zoobenthos

The community structure and biodiversity of zoobenthos in Juma river were studied and compared over a period of 9 months.The current water quality and the indications of zoobenthos to contamination were also investigated.The results showed that it has more zoobenthos species and high biodiversity in Juma river.The water quality is contaminated slightly and can be classified as GradeⅡ.Ecological characteristics of environmental indicators were also discussed.The number of the Limnodrilus and Chironomus grplumosus was correlated positively with the pollution of river.A negative correlation was apparent between the number of mollusks species and the contaminated level.These results indicated that a clear decrease in biodiversity may be caused by water pollution.It is able to predict the trends of water qualitative and seasonal variations in the river by the variation of the biological indicators.