环境影响评价的工具--生命周期评价

生命周期评价(LCA)可看作是环境影响评价(EIA)的一个分支，也是一种方法．从两者的研究目的、作用、方法学特点、影响分析、评价和结果解释等方面进行了比较．在EIA过程中，可以借助LCA，使影响分析评价结果更深人和富有意义．LCA可作为EIA的工具．在EIA的次级影响中，需要比较替代方案，在整个系统内考虑相关的影响，这就是LCA方法．最后，举例说明在EIA中用到的LCA要素．

Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) as a Tool in Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA)

EIA and LCA are compared in several aspects, such as studying goals, characters of methodology, effects, interpretation of assessment and result, etc. Life cycle assessment(LCA) can be regarded as one branch of Environmental impact assessment(EIA), also as one method. During EIA, the result of impact assessment is more profound and meaningful by using LCA. Including such secondary effects in EIA, it may be crucial for a proper comparison of alternative, but this require a system approach that takes into account all relevant effects. In fact, it is LCA. Several case studies show that it is quite feasible to use elements of LCA in EIA. LCA can be used as a tool in EIA.