夏枯草规范化种植正交试验及栽培技术研究

采用正交试验,分析不同播种期(B1、B2、B3)和不同施肥方式(F0、F1、F2)对3种不同夏枯草品种(湖北蕲春品种,Q;江西樟树品种,J;河南确山品种,H)的产量和品质的影响,确定适合蕲春地区的品种及规范化栽培技术。结果表明:在施肥方式F2中,(1)在B1期,品种Q的鲜果球重、有效果球总数和干果球重都高于J和H品种(P﹤0.05),而迷迭香酸含量在3个品种中基本一致(0.36%以上),表明品种Q在B1期表现最佳;(2)在B2期,品种H的鲜果球重、有效果球总数和干果球重都高于其他2个品种(Q和J)(P﹤0.05),表明H品种在B2期表现较好;(3)在B3期,3个品种所有参数差异均无统计学意义。在施肥方式F1和F0中,3个品种的迷迭香酸含量在不同播期总体低于F2施肥方式。综合评价表明,品种Q为优先培育品种,其播种期为B1期,施肥方式为F2,而品种H可适度种植。

An Orthogonal Experiment of Standardized Cultivation and Cultivation Technology of Prunella vulgaris L.

To screen high yield and good quality Prunella vulgaris L. varieties,which could be suitable for cultivation at Qichun areas,yield and quality of three Prunella vulgaris L. varieties（Hu-bei Qichun,Q;Jiangxi Zhangshu,J;Henan Queshan,H）were evaluated with an orthogonal exper-iment,according to the same plot,three different sowing dates（B1,B2,B3,respectively）and dif-ferent fertilization treatments（F0,F1,F2,respectively）. The results showed that：In F2 fertiliza-tion treatment,⑴In the B1 period,wet weight,total effective number and dry grain of fruit ear of Q variety were higher than that of J and H varieties（P 〈 0. 05）,and rosmarinic acid content of three varieties was consistent（more than 0. 36%）,indicating that Q variety is better in the B1 period.⑵In the B2 period,wet weight,total effective number and dry grain of fruit ear of H variety were high-er than that in the other two cultivars（Q and J）（P〈0. 05）,and rosmarinic acid content of three va-rieties was consistent（0. 27%~0. 29%）,indicating that H variety is better in the B2 period.⑶ In the B3 period,all parameters of three varieties（Q,J,H）were no significant differences. The con-tent of rosmarinic acid of the fertilization F1 and F0 in different sowing dates was lower than that of F2 fertilization. Comprehensive evaluation showed that the Q variety could be used as the preferred cultivation and planting variety,with sowing date in the B1 period and F2 fertilization treatment, and the H variety could be moderately developed in Qichun areas.