中华稻蝗种群遗传关系研究

对我国中华稻蝗若干种群进行了基于形态分类学重要特征、染色体C带核型和RAPD分子标记的种群遗传学关系研究.结果表明,我国中华稻蝗从形态上来看东部沿海种群体型较大,前翅较长,尾须较钝,而内陆及东北种群则体型较小,前翅较短,尾须较尖;但从外生殖器基本结构来看,不同种群具有相似的形态特征.其次,不同种群在染色体数目、着丝粒位置以及C带带型等方面具有明显恒定的结构特点.从RAPD分子标记研究结果来看,不同种群拥有明显一致的分子标记数据.由此可见,我国中华稻蝗是稻蝗属中一个广布物种,其外部形态结构的差异可能与其分布地环境条件相适应,然而其外生殖器结构能够反映物种的基本特征.从种群遗传学角度来看,染色体带型结构和分子标记结果的稳定性更能体现物种遗传结构的本质,因此,文章支持Ho llis将无齿稻蝗等合并入中华稻蝗的主张.

Study on the Population Genetics of Oxya chinensis

The population genetic relationship of Oxya chinensis in China was studied on the morphology characters,the chromosomal karyotype and RAPD molecular markers.The results show that this species has different morphology characters,and it is clear that it represents the ecological and geographical variations of O.chinesis.The individuals from the coastal regions of the Chinese mainland were generally larger,had longer tegmina and the male circus was quite blunt apically.Specimens further inland in the mountain regions tended to be smaller,had relatively shorter tegmina and the male cerci appeared truncate apically.Populations from Changchun and Nenjiang were even smaller and,the further north the population and shorter the tegmina become,while the male cerci were quite acute apically.However,in all the populations the male phallic complex had a remarkably stable morphology.The chromosomes karyotype in different populations were identically,such as the chromosome number,the side of centromere and the C-bangding structure.The RAPD molecular markers also showed the same patterns.The results indicted that the O.chinensis in China was a species,and it successfully adapted the different environment condition and distributed to different eco-geography area.On the other hand,the epiphallus morphology,the chromosome karyotype and RAPD molecular marks were one of the useful features to identify the species.