不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质及产量的影响

为了研究不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质和产量的影响,以10个不同基因型优质小麦品种（系）在5种不同土壤类型区的11个地点进行试验.结果表明,蛋白质含量表现为河潮土＞棕壤〉潮土〉砂姜黑土〉褐土,湿面筋含量和沉淀值表现为河潮土〉棕壤〉砂姜黑土〉潮土〉褐土,但变异系数相对较小,分别为5.80%、5.96%、12.06%;容重、硬度、面团形成时间、断裂时间、公差指数和评价值表现为砂姜黑土最优,褐土、棕壤次之,河潮土最差,容重、硬度变异系数较小为1.27%、6.38%,粉质参数变异较大,变异系数分别为10.08%、14.62%、16.90%、13.30%.产量表现为砂姜黑土〉潮土〉褐土〉棕壤〉河潮土,在不同土壤类型间产量、穗数和千粒重变异较大,粒数相对稳定.不同土壤类型对优质小麦品质性状、产量和产量因素有较大影响,但各性状在不同土壤类型间的变异不同.

Effect on Quality Traits and Grain Yield of the High-quality Wheat in Different Types of Soils

Effect on quality traits and grain yield of the high-quality wheat in different types of soils were studied on the condition of 10 high-quality wheat varieties with different genotypes grown in 5 soil types(including 11 test sites).The results showed that protein content was fluvo-aquic soil>brown soil>aquent>sandy black soil>cinnamon,wet gluten content and sedimentation value were fluvo-aquic soil>brown soil>standy black soil>aquent>cinnamon,their CV were 5.80%,5.96% and 12.06% respectively;while volume weight,hardness,development time,break time,mechanical tolerance index and valorimeter value indicated that standy black soil was the best,next were cinnamon soil and brown soil,fluvo-aquic soil was the lowest,the CV of volume weight and hardness were small,1.27% and 6.38%;the CV of farinograph parameters were large,10.08%,14.62%,16.90% and 13.30% respectively.Grain yield was standy black soil>aquent>cinnamon>brown soil>fluvo-aquic soil,and the CV of grain yield and spikes were large,that of kernel and 1000-kernel weight were standly.So,they were high effect on quality traits,grain yield and the yield components of the high-quality wheat in different soil types,but the CV of traits in different soil types was varied.