A transforming mutation in the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT1 in cancer |
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Authors: | Carpten John D Faber Andrew L Horn Candice Donoho Gregory P Briggs Stephen L Robbins Christiane M Hostetter Galen Boguslawski Sophie Moses Tracy Y Savage Stephanie Uhlik Mark Lin Aimin Du Jian Qian Yue-Wei Zeckner Douglas J Tucker-Kellogg Greg Touchman Jeffrey Patel Ketan Mousses Spyro Bittner Michael Schevitz Richard Lai Mei-Huei T Blanchard Kerry L Thomas James E |
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Institution: | Division of Integrated Cancer Genomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445 N. Fifth Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA. |
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Abstract: | Although AKT1 (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homologue 1) kinase is a central member of possibly the most frequently activated proliferation and survival pathway in cancer, mutation of AKT1 has not been widely reported. Here we report the identification of a somatic mutation in human breast, colorectal and ovarian cancers that results in a glutamic acid to lysine substitution at amino acid 17 (E17K) in the lipid-binding pocket of AKT1. Lys 17 alters the electrostatic interactions of the pocket and forms new hydrogen bonds with a phosphoinositide ligand. This mutation activates AKT1 by means of pathological localization to the plasma membrane, stimulates downstream signalling, transforms cells and induces leukaemia in mice. This mechanism indicates a direct role of AKT1 in human cancer, and adds to the known genetic alterations that promote oncogenesis through the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the E17K substitution decreases the sensitivity to an allosteric kinase inhibitor, so this mutation may have important clinical utility for AKT drug development. |
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