用45个SNP位点组合对国家啮齿类实验动物种子中心3个封闭群小鼠群体的遗传状况分析

摘要：目的 利用单核苷酸多态性位点对国家啮齿类实验动物种子中心3个封闭群小鼠群体进行群体遗传结构分析。方法 选取文献中45个SNP位点，采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术对来自国家啮齿类实验动物种子中心北京和上海分中心的ICR各1个群体，上海分中心的1个KM封闭群小鼠样本进行等位基因分型，分析群体遗传结构，并进行群体间遗传差异分析。结果 3个封闭群小鼠有效等位基因数(Ne)、观察杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、平均杂合度(Ha)、多态信息含量(PIC)、香隆信息指数等遗传参数各不相同。同一群体的结果与微卫星DNA和生化位点的结果相比，SNP检测的参数值较低。但将3个群体中单态的SNP位点去除后参数值有所上升，尤其香隆指数值与STR检测结果接近。结论 所选SNP位点可用于封闭群小鼠遗传质量检测，所检测的3个群体遗传多样性用杂合度评价为SKM >BICR >SICR。

Population Genetic Structure Analysis of 3 Outbred Mice Populations from NationalRodent Seed Center Using 45 loci of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

Abstract: Objective To analyze the population genetic structure of 3 outbred mice populations from National Rodent Seed Center by single nucleotide polymorphism loci. Method We selected 45 SNPs from references to genotype 2 ICR populations, 1 from National Rodent Seed Center Beijing and 1 from Shanghai, 1 KM population of National Rodent Seed Center (Shanghai) by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) technology, and then analyzed the population genetic structure and compared the genetic difference of these 3 populations. Result The population genetic parameters including number of alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity(Ho), expected heterozygosity(He), average heterozygosity(Ha), polymorphism information content(PIC), and Shannon’s information index (SI) of 3 populations were absolutely different. Compared with the previous result of STR and biochemical markers, the value of these genetic factors detected by SNP were pretty lower. However, if the monomorphism of SNP loci in 3 populations were removed, the value of these genetic parameters would be increased; especially SI could be close to the data detected by STR. Conclusion The selected SNP loci could be used to detect the genetic quality of outbred mice. According to the evaluation by average heterozygosity, the genetic variation of 3 mice populations is SKM >BICR >SICR.