堰塞坝溃坝研究综述

堰塞坝溃坝是一种遍及世界的地质灾害事件,堰塞坝溃坝研究的目的是减少堰塞坝对下游人民生命财产安全、交通道路和生态环境的威胁。目前对堰塞坝溃坝研究的焦点主要集中在溃坝模式、溃坝模型、溃坝过程、溃坝机理和溃坝洪水等5个方面。回顾和总结中外有关堰塞坝溃坝问题的发展历程和已取得的研究成果,对堰塞坝溃坝模式、溃坝模型、溃坝过程、溃坝机理和溃坝洪水5个方面的研究现状进行了简要的概述,并提出了堰塞坝溃坝问题需要进一步研究的重点方向:将目前的溃坝模型分类,每一类别的模型要确定它所适用的堰塞坝类型,并对模型进行修正,以得到更加精确、可靠的溃坝模型;建立一种能够快速得到堰塞坝外部几何形态和内部物质组成结构的方法,为溃坝模型提供合理的参数;开展大尺度或原型堰塞坝溃决试验;构建一种可以精确预测堰塞坝溃坝问题的预警系统。

Summary of Research on landslide dam break

Dam break of landslide dam is a worldwide geological disaster. The purpose of dam break research is to reduce the threat of landslide dam to people"s lives and property, traffic roads and ecological environment downstream. At present, the focus of research on dam break of landslide dam is mainly focused on five aspects: failure mode, dam-break model, dam break process, dam break mechanism and dam break flood. This paper reviews and summarizes the development history and research achievements of dam-break problems of landslide dam at home and abroad, and briefly summarizes the research status of dam-break modes, dam-break models, dam-break processes, dam-break mechanisms and dam-break floods, and puts forward the key points for further research on dam-break problems of dams: (I)Current dam-break models are classified. Each type of dam-break model should determine the type of dam it is suitable for, and modify the model to obtain more accurate and reliable dam-break model. (II) A method is established to quickly obtain the external geometry and internal material composition of the landslide dam, which can provide reasonable parameters for the dam break model. (III) Experiments on large-scale or prototype dam failure are carried out. (IV) An early warning system for accurately predicting dam break of landslide dam is constructed.