生态结构与结构生态学

本文提出了生态结构的概念。生态结构可以理解为生态单位（或生态实体）中构成要素的关系格局,可分为一级结构、二级结构和三级结构。文中还讨论了生态结构的动态特征、进化特征、耗散特征和多样性特征。在此基础上提出了结构生态学。结构生态学是以生态结构作为研究对象,其基本研究内容包括：生态结构的特征、生态结构与功能的关系、生态结构的动态与进化、生态结构的设计和保护。作者相信用“生态结构”这一概念来表述生态学研究中涉及的各种结构现象,并将此作为结构生态学的研究对象将会引起更多的注意,获得更多的成果,使学科间的综合有更坚实的基础。

ECOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND STRUCTURAL ECOLOGY

he concepts of ecological structure, ecostructure in short, and structural ecology were developed in thispaper. Ecostructure can be considered as the relation pattern among the components in such ecological entityas population or community. The relation pattern is the dissipative structure and can be described by onedimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure. Additionally, such basic characteristics asdynamics, evolution and diversity of ecostructure were also discussed. Furthermore, authors proposed thatstructural ecology is the science which is concerned with characteristics, dynamics, evolution, functions,design and conservation of ecostructures. Finally, authors believe that more attention will concentrate on thestructural studies, more research results will produce and synthesis of disciplines will be carried out on betterbasis if the terms "ecostructure" and "structural ecology" are used in the ecological studies.