黑鲷化学感觉发育和摄食关系

研究了黑鲷（Ｓｐａｒｕｓｍａｃｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ）仔、稚、幼鱼嗅觉和味觉器官的基本结构及嗅觉、味觉与摄食的关系，初孵仔鱼的嗅囊很小、很浅，细胞没有分化。５ｄ的嗅囊细胞开始分化，２４ｄ嗅囊分化完毕，嗅觉开始功能化，参与摄食反应。初孵仔鱼味蕾没分化，５ｄ的仔鱼味蕾分化形成，参与摄食反应。随发育的进行，先后从口咽腔、头部、躯干、尾部、鳍等处依次出现味蕾。嗅觉和味觉是鱼类的化学感觉，嗅觉可以对远、近距离的食物发生反应，而味觉只能对接触的或几乎接触的食物发生反应。化学感觉对摄食的作用是对黑暗条件下视觉摄食的补充。

The Relation Between the Feeding and the Development of the Chemoreception of Black Porgy

It is studied that the structure of olfactory organs and taste buds of blackporgy in different early developmental stages. The relation between the feeding and chemorecep-tion were also studied. The results were as follows :Newly hatched larvae,the olfactory pitswere small, the cells were not differentiated.The olfaction functioned at 24 d.Newly hatchedlarvae had no taste buds.The taste buds differentiatied first in the oral cavity at 5 d and func-tioned.With the growth of the larvae,taste buds occured in the different parts of the body.Ol-faction and taste were the complementary to the vision in feeding of black porgy in dark condi-tion.