重庆涪陵大气污染物特征及其与气象要素的关系

利用重庆涪陵2010—2014年空气质量监测数据和同期的气象资料,分析了涪陵地区大气污染物的变化情况与气象要素的相关关系.结果表明:涪陵从2010到2014年空气质量有变好趋势,迎宾大道和兴华中路的空气质量总体较好,AQI指数优良天数分别占87%和85.6%,PM_(10)为涪陵首要污染物.PM_(10),SO_2质量浓度具有周期性变化特征,从1月至12月为先降低后升高的趋势,每年较冷的12月、1月、2月PM_(10)质量浓度值较高,较热的月份质量浓度值较低.NO_2质量浓度年际间变化幅度较小.PM_(10)与气温、降水量、相对湿度、平均风速具有负相关性,与气压具有正相关,即气温越高、降雨量越大、气压越低、风速越大,PM_(10)质量浓度越低.SO_2,NO_2与气温、气压、降水量均为负相关,与相对湿度正相关.不同月份大气污染物与气象要素的相关性存在较大差异.

Correlation Analysis of Atmospheric Pollutants and Meteorological Factors in Fuling Area of Chongqing

With the air quality monitoring data of Fuling District of Chongqing from 2010 to 2014 and the meteorological data in the same period, the change of air pollutants in Fuling area of Chongqing and the correlation between air pollutants and meteorological elements are analyzed. The results show that from 2010 to 2014, the air quality in Fuling area of Chongqing was better, the air quality of Yingbin and Xinghua was better, the good days of AQI index accounted for 87% and 85.6% respectively, and PM₁₀ was the primary pollutant in Fuling area. The concentration of PM₁₀ and SO₂ has periodic changes. From January to December, the trend is to decrease first and then increase. The concentration of PM₁₀ in December, January and February is higher, and the concentration in the warmer month is lower. The interannual variation of NO₂ concentration was small. PM₁₀ is negatively correlated with temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and mean wind speed, and has a positive correlation with the station''s air pressure. That is, the higher the temperature, the more rainfall, the lower the station''s pressure and the greater the wind speed, the lower the PM₁₀ concentration. SO₂ and NO₂ are negatively correlated with temperature, air pressure and rainfall at the station, and are positively correlated with relative humidity. The correlation between air pollutants and meteorological factors is quite different in different months.