疏勒河流域中下游景观格局动态变化分析研究

1：10万土地利用现状图和地形图，对疏研究，结果表明：疏勒河流域中下游景观指数呈波形变化，1990～1994年，景观多样性指数和均匀度指数呈增加态势，1994～1999年呈减小态势，而景观优势度指数的变化态势与上述两个指数的变化态势相反．各景观要素的转化使疏勒河流域中下游的景观格局向两个不同方向发展：一方面在靠近水源和流域的中上游地带，农耕发达，一般形成集约化、灌溉系统完善的农田景观；另一方面，随上游水资源利用程度的不断提高，在远离水源或流域下游地带，天然生态体系破坏不断加剧，区域景观向荒漠化方向发展，说明流域中上游人工绿洲的形成与发展是以流域下游天然绿洲大面积荒漠化为代价的．

Study on the dynamic variation of landscape pattern in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River Basin

Based on the data of TM images, land-use maps and topographic maps, the temporal and spatial patterns of landscape in the Shule River Basin from 1990 to 1999 were investigated. The results showed that the variations in landscape indices were fluctuating: The landscape diversity index and evenness index in the study area increased from 2.934 and 0.883 to 2.973 and 0.895 respectively but decreased to 2.994 and 0.886 from 1994 to 1999 and the variation tendency of dominance was in inversion with them. In the recent 10 years, the transitions of landscape types resulted in variations of landscape pattern in two aspects in the region. On one hand, intensive farmland landscape with a well-equipped irrigation system has been formed near the water resources in the middle and upper reaches of the river basin. On the other hand, with the increase of exploitation intensity of water resources, the natural ecological system had been gradually destroyed and he landscape pattern had changed from highly fragmented a natural vegetation landscape into desertified regions far away from water resources or the lower river basin.