黑杨派无性系的抗寒性研究

<正>黑杨派的几个无性系具有生长期长、生长快、抗性强、材质好的优良性状。现已大面积试验推广。但是,美州黑杨无性系对低温敏感,在辽宁、山西等地冻害比较严重。江苏的徐淮地区,冬春遇持续的干旱低温,苗木的枯梢现象亦较普遍,影响造林成活率。因此,鉴定这些无性系的抗寒力,选择其适生的范围,是引种试验中的一个十分重要的问题。本文报道了黑杨派无性系抗寒力测定的试验结果。

A STUDY OF COLD RESISTANCE OF CLONES OF AIGEIROS POPLARS

Water loss, internal structure of stems and permeability of cell cytoplasmic membranes of five clones, i.e., those of 1-63, 1-69, 1-72, 1-214 and the "blanc de garonne" of Aigeiros poplars, have been studied to measure their cold resistance during dormancy period. Results show that clones differ greatly in water loss; the amount of water loss correlates positively with the increment of autumn shoots and negatively with the cold resistance ability,The cell cytoplasmic membrane is more permeable after being injured by lowtemperature before any morphological changes appear, which can serve as a basis fordetermining the cold resistance of the clones. The order of the cold resistance of thefive clones can thus be determined as follows: I -214>"blanc de garonne"> l-72>I -69> I -63, which are similar to the results from field tests.In addition, the development of xylem and pith of the clone exerts a great influence on cold resistance. Clones with the highest cold resistance have been found in clones with the widest xylem, smallest pith and most layers of cortex and those with narrower xylem, bigger pith and fewer layers of cortex are generally less cold tesistante.