张炎词的故国之思和亡国之痛

张炎是一位历经宋亡元兴历史巨变的遗民词人。面对元军入侵、宋室崩塌，他先是挣扎在功名理想与“守节”意识之间，进退两难，身心两痛；仕途无望后，他失意南归，辗转飘零，尝遍辛酸悲苦，最后潦倒而终。他的词作饱含遗民的愁苦，丰富发展了遗民词的内容，表达了对故国刻骨铭心的眷恋。历来学者偏重于评价张炎词“清空”的艺术风格，而忽视了张炎词在“闲愁”的表象下，所表达出一种浓郁的身世之感、故国之思、亡国之痛。

Research on Yean for Homeland and Sadness of National Ruin in Zhang Yan's Ci Poetry

Zhang Yan was a famous writer of ei poetry in the period between the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.Being one Of the renowned excellent poet, he abroad learned, accumulated accomplishment of the gentle and elegant style of ci poetry, he also absorbed the bold style of ci poetry. Zhang Yan had put forward the clear empty style of ci poetry, provided a new kind of aesthetic patterern for the ＂ci＂ poetry subject. In his ci poetry imbued with grief about perdition of old country and sorrow of homesick.