北五味子生长后土壤养分、微生物及酶活性的季节动态

为了明确北五味子在不同生长季内土壤肥力的变化,研究了其生长后土壤速效养分、微生物数量及五种酶活性的变化和相互关系.结果表明,北五味子生长期内,有机质含量夏秋两季较高,碱解氮和速效磷含量各季节无显著变化;细菌和真菌数量秋季较高,放线菌数量夏季较高;土壤过氧化物酶、蛋白酶和脲酶活性夏秋两季较高,过氧化氢酶、转化酶活性各季节无显著变化.相关分析表明土壤过氧化氢酶活性与速效磷含量显著负相关（P＜0.05）,与细菌数量显著正相关（P＜0.05）;转化酶活性与真菌数量极显著正相关（P＜0.01）.主成分分析表明碱解氮含量、速效磷含量、真菌数量、过氧化氢酶活性、蛋白酶活性和转化酶活性是五味子生长后维持土壤肥力的主要因子.

The Seasonal Dynamics of Soil Nutrients,Microbes and Enzymes in Schisandra Chinensis Soil

The seasonal dynamics of soil nutrients, microbial quantity, enzymes activities and their relationship were investigated in order to determine the change of soil fertility in Schisandra Chinensis plantations. The results showed that the content of organic matter was higer in the summer and autumn, the content of alkali nitrogen and available phosphorus were no apparent seasonal dynamics during the Schisandra Chinensis growing season. The number of bacteria and fungi were higher in the summer and autumn, the number of actinomycetes was higher in the summer and peroxidase, protease and urease activity were higher during the summer and autumn, catalase and invertase activity were no apparent seasonal dynamics during the Schisandra Chinensis growing season. Correlation analysis showed that soil catalase had significantly negative correlation with the content of available phosphorus （ P 〈 0.05 ） , and had significantly positive correlation with the number of bacteria （ P 〈 0.05 ）, invertase activity had remarkable positive correlation with the number of fungi （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Principal component analysis showed that alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, fungi quantity, catalase protease and invertase could be occupied an important position in the soil fertility.