装配式供应链企业间缺货惩罚契约模式设计

针对零配件供应商产量不确定对制造商后期装配生产的影响, 本文在一个“两供应商-单制造商”构成的二阶装配式供应链系统中, 构建了分散决策下的供应链成员利润模型和集中决策下的供应链总利润模型. 并研究了不同类型缺货惩罚的设定对供应商产量决策的影响, 从提高供应商协同积极性的角度提出了一种惩罚契约模式, 使供应商主动选择集中决策下的供应链最佳产量. 数值分析表明该模式可以调节供应链总利润在供应商与制造商之间的分配, 这有利于促进供应链成员之间关系的和谐.

Design of shortage penalty contract mechanism for enterprises of assembly supply chain

In view of the impact of the uncertain output of component suppliers to manufacturer, this paper builds profit models for members of supply chain under decentralized decision making and a total profit model for supply chain model under centralized decision making in a second-order assembly system with “two suppliers-one manufacturer”. This paper also analyzes the optimal output of suppliers under different shortage penalty settings. From the perspective of improving the collaborative intiative of suppliers, one penalty contract mechanism is proposed to let suppliers choose output as in the centralized decision making case. Further, numerical analysis shows that such mechanism can also adjust profit among suppliers and manufacturer, which can promote cooperation among members of supply chain.