水平溢出,垂直溢出与合作研发

对d’Aspremont和Jacquemin的两阶段双寡头模型加以扩展,构建了纳入水平技术溢出和垂直技术溢出的三阶段古诺竞争博弈模型,利用逆向归纳法求得的均衡解考察了水平和垂直技术溢出对不同合作研发模式下企业研发投资的影响,发现除了在不合作的情况下,企业R&D投资总是随着垂直溢出的提高而增加,当采取混合与水平合作时,R&D投资随着水平溢出的提高而增加.根据R&D投资的外部性就不同合作研发模式下的R&D投资加以比较,数值模拟结果表明:当技术溢出水平较低时,垂直合作能够最大化R&D投入;当技术溢出水平较高时,混合合作是促进企业R&D投资的最优选择.

Horizontal spillover,vertical spillover and cooperative R&D

Expanding two-stage duopoly model built by d’ Aspremont and Jacquemin,this paper constructs a three-stage Cournot model considering horizontal and vertical technology spillovers.From the equilibrium solution by reverse induction,the effects on firm’s R&D investment from horizontal and vertical spillovers are investigated under different cooperative R&D modes.It is found that except in the case of non-cooperation, firms’ R&D investment always increases with the rise of vertical spillover,and under horizontal and mixed cooperation,R&D investment increases with the rise of horizontal spillover.And then,the comparison and data simulation of different cooperative R&D modes in terms of externalities show that:when the level of technology spillovers is comparatively low,vertical cooperation can optimize R&D investment;When the level of technology spillovers is comparatively high,mixed cooperation is the best choice for firm to increase R&D investment.