随机需求下的双渠道供应链联合库存模型

针对双渠道的竞合特性增加了供应链系统的需求不确定性,考虑提前期需求波动的情形,构建了2级双渠道供应链独立库存模式和联合库存模式下制造商及零售商的最优基础库存模型和缺货模型,并运用仿真计算方法,通过分析2种库存模式下缺货损失成本、需求波动对双渠道供应链基础库存水平、现货库存水平以及缺货水平等的影响,进一步分析2种库存模式下的成本.结果表明,联合库存模式下的2个渠道各自成本和总成本都要低于独立库存模式下的各成本.因此,双渠道供应链实施联合库存策略可以通过库存共享,协调2个渠道的库存水平,减小缺货风险,从而显著地降低供应链的成本.

Dual-Channel Supply Chain Joint Inventory Model Under Stochastic Demand

The competition and cooperation of dual-channel supply chain tend to increase the demand uncertainty. By consideration of random demand fluctuations, the base stock model and stock-out model of manufacturer and retailer under independent and joint inventory decision modes of two-stage dual channel supply chain were explored. By simulation and comparison of the two models, the effect of stock-out cost, demand fluctuations on base stock level, existing stock level as well as other indicators were analyzed, and two modes of inventory costs were studied. It is proved that the joint inventory strategy is superior to independent joint inventory strategy due to reduction of respective cost as well as overall supply chain cost. Therefore, the joint stock inventory strategy of dual channel supply chain can share stock and coordinate stock level, reduce risk of stock-out and finally significantly minimize supply chain cost.