氨基酸有机肥对沃柑产量、品质及土壤理化性质的影响

本研究探讨了氨基酸有机肥适用于广西沃柑(Orah)种植的最佳施用配比,以实现沃柑的增产提质,保证沃柑产业可持续发展,同时为研究区氨基酸有机肥的科学应用提供理论参考。应用田间小区试验方法设置3个施肥处理：单施化肥、化肥+15%氨基酸有机肥、化肥+30%氨基酸有机肥,以单施化肥为对照,研究不同比例氨基酸有机肥配施化肥条件下沃柑生长及品质、土壤理化性质和土壤微生物的变化特征。结果表明：相较于单施化肥,氨基酸有机肥配施化肥可显著提高沃柑单株产量(提高15.95%-45.58%)、可溶性固形物含量(提高8.89%-31.60%)、维生素C含量(提高29.04%)、糖酸比(提高2.75%)和果实营养元素含量(提高2.12%-53.84%);同时可提高土壤速效磷含量(提高11.99%-41.07%)、速效钾含量(提高13.14%-17.58%)、土壤微生物数量(提高96.17%-2 803.06%)和沃柑单株收益(提高13.54%-43.19%)。其中,以化肥+30%氨基酸有机肥处理效果最好;其单株产量,糖酸比,可溶性固形物含量,维生素C含量,果实P、K、Ca、Mg含量均为最高;其土壤速效钾含量和土壤微生物总量最多;同时单株收益和产投比最优。综合考虑沃柑增产提质以及土壤改良效果等要求,建议采用化肥配施30%氨基酸有机肥的施肥方式。

Effects of Amino Acid Organic Fertilizer on Yield,Quality and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Orah

In order to achieve the increase of yield and improvement of quality of Orah and to ensure the sustainable development of Orah industry,the optimal application ratio of amino acid organic fertilizer suitable for the cultivation of Orah in Guangxi was explored in this study,which could provide theoretical reference for the scientific application of amino acid organic fertilizer in the study area.Three fertilization treatments were set up with the method of field plot experiment:Single application of chemical fertilizer,chemical fertilizer+15% amino acid organic fertilizer,chemical fertilizer+30% amino acid organic fertilizer.With single application of chemical fertilizer as the control,the variation characteristics of growth and quality of Orah,soil physical and chemical properties and soil microorganisms under different proportions of amino acid organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer were studied.The results showed that compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone,the application of amino acid organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer could significantly increase the yield per plant (increased by 15.95%-45.58%),soluble solids (increased by 8.89%-31.60%),vitamin C content (increased by 29.04%),sugar-acid ratio (increased by 2.75%) and fruit nutrient element content (increased by 2.12%-53.84%).At the same time,it could increase the content of soil available phosphorus (increased by 11.99%-41.07%),the content of available potassium (increased by 13.14%-17.58%),the number of soil microorganisms (increased by 96.17%-2 803.06%) and the yield per plant (increased by 13.54%-43.19%).Among them,the treatment of chemical fertilizer+30% amino acid organic fertilizer had the best effect,and its yield per plant,sugar-acid ratio,soluble solids content,vitamin C content,fruit P,K,Ca and Mg content were the highest.The soil available potassium content and total soil microorganisms were the most,and the single plant income and output-input ratio were the best.Considering the effects of increasing yield and improving quality of Orah and soil improvement,it is suggested to use chemical fertilizer combined with 30% amino acid organic fertilizer.