辽中地区矿业城市生态支持系统瓶颈分析

辽中地区矿业城市是我国重要的能源生产和重工业基地，研究其城市生态支持系统瓶颈因子状况并预测其发展趋势，为辽中地区矿业城市可持续发展提供决策依据。基于供需平衡原理，建立了辽中地区矿业城市生态支持系统瓶颈等级体系，通过瓶颈指数和丰富指数的计算，评价了“十五”期间辽中地区矿业城市生态支持系统瓶颈因子状况，探讨了2010年瓶颈因子变化趋势。结果表明：“十五”期间，辽中地区矿业城市生态支持系统的瓶颈因子为水环境、能源结构和大气环境。其中水环境是瓶颈作用最强的因子，瓶颈程度均达到强或较强的程度。若实现辽中地区矿业城市“十一五”规划的目标，2010年辽中地区矿业城市生态支持系统的瓶颈因子为水环境和能源结构，但瓶颈程度降低，达到较强或弱，资源和环境的承载能力得到提高。运用瓶颈分析较客观地反映了辽中地区矿业城市“十五”期间生态支持系统瓶颈因子状况，并进行了相对可靠的预测，为其他地区生态支持系统瓶颈研究提供一定的借鉴。图1，表3，参6。

Limiting Analysis of Urban Ecological Supporting System of Mining Cities in Central Liaoning

Since the mining cities in central Liaoning have been the important energy production and heavy industry base in China, the research on their limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system will contribute to the improvement of environmental quality and ecological harmony, then we would offer academic basis for the decision-making of sustainable development. An assessing method of limiting factor was proposed based on the supply and demand theory, which indicates that there are three relations between a commodity＇ s supply and demand. The limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system were assessed by the calculation of limiting index and rich index. The results showed that： during the 10th five years plan, the limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system of mining cities in central Liaoning were water environment, energy structure and air environment. The limiting effect of water environment was the highest, the limiting degree was strong or inferior to strong. According to the 1 lth five years layout level of mining cities in central Liaoning, the limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system would be water environment and energy structure in 2010, and the limiting degree would reduce to be inferior to strong or weak. By the method of limiting factor, the limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system of mining cities in central Liaoning during the 10th five years plan were well reflected and forecasted, which would be a good example for the research of limiting factors of urban ecological supporting system in other areas.