内蒙古18个人群13项遗传指标的聚类分析与主成分分析

对内蒙古18个人群的13项遗传指标(拇指类型、环食指长、指甲类型、足趾长、蒙古褶、上眼睑皱褶、铲形门齿、鼻梁侧面观、鼻孔形状、下颏类型、耳垂、前额发际、头发)出现率值进行了聚类分析与主成分分析.聚类分析结果显示,18个人群可分为4个组:东部区少数民族组、西部区组、中部区蒙古族组、兴安盟汉族与阿拉善蒙古族组.主成分分析显示,尽管民族间通婚已日趋普遍,在一些形态特征方面,同一民族仍表现出较强的一致性.蒙古族诸人群窄鼻孔率与有耳垂率相对较高.西部区汉族人过伸拇指率、扁形指甲率、窄鼻孔率、有耳垂率均较低.研究还表明,科尔沁蒙古族人、厄鲁特蒙古族人、达斡尔族人关系密切,锡林郭勒蒙古族人、察哈尔蒙古族人关系密切.

Principal Component and Cluster Analysis on 13 Genetical Traits of 18 Ethnic Groups in Inner Mongolia

Thirteen genetic traits including pollical type, palmar digital formula, nail form, plantar digital formula, Mongoloid fold, eyefold of upper eyelid, front tooth type, nasal profile, nostril type, chin type, lobe type, forehead hair-ledge point, and hair form of 18 Mongolian populations were analyzed on their principal components and clusters in this paper. The results from cluster analysis showed that 18 populations could be categorized into 4 groups: northern east minority group, west group, middle Mongolian group, Hing'an Han and Alxa Mongolian group. The results from the principal component analysis indicated that the same nation showed strong uniformity in some of the morphological traits although marriage between different nations was getting common. The ratio of both narrow nostril and having lobe for every Mongolian population were higher. The rate of over-stretching pollical, flat nail, narrow nostril and having lobe as well for the Han in west area were relatively lower. It was also showed that there was a very close relationship among Horqin, Elute and Daur, and also between Xilincol and Qahar.