1961-2016年河南省极端气温事件变化特征

以1961-2016年河南省17个气象站逐日最高、最低和日平均气温数据为研究对象,运用Sen’s倾向估计、Mann-Kendall检验、R/S分析和空间分析等方法,分析了河南省16个极端气温指数(冷指数和暖指数)的变化特征.结果表明:过去的56年,河南省极端气温冷指数和暖指数均呈暖化趋势.其中,霜冻日数、冷夜日数、暖夜日数和生物生长季暖化趋势最显著.空间上,河南省各地极端气温冷指数和暖指数均呈暖化趋势.其中,郑州、开封、新乡、三门峡等地暖化趋势最显著.极端冷指数开始变暖、显著变暖和变暖突变时间均早于暖指数,且冷指数变暖幅度大于暖指数,说明冷指数对全球变暖更敏感.河南省极端气温冷指数和暖指数可持续性均较强,意味着河南省极端气温指数暖化趋势将持续.

Spatial-temporal Variations of Extreme Temperature Events in Henan Province from 1961 to 2016

Using daily maximum,minimum and average temperature data from 17 meteorological stations in Henan province during 1961-2016,the spatial and temporal variations of sixteen extreme temperature indices(cooling and warm indices)were analyzed by using multiple methods,such as Sen's tendency estimation,Mann-Kendall test,R/S analysis and spatial analysis.The results showed that:in terms of temporal variations,extreme temperature indices over Henan province presented a warming trend during the last 56 years.The indices(e.g.frost days,cool nights,warm nights and growing season length)showed the most significant warming trend.In terms of spatial variations,each station also showed a warming trend.The warming trends of Zhengzhou,Kaifeng,Xinxiang and Sanmenxia area were the most obvious.The initial warming,the significant warming and abrupt warming of cooling indices occurred earlier and to a greater magnitude.It suggested that the cooling indices were more sensible than warming indices in response to global warming.Extremes temperature indices over Henan province showed a strong persistence,indicating that the warming trend of extreme temperature indices would continue.