油茶无性系丰产性状和稳定性分析

油茶无性系的丰产性状和稳定性是油茶育种的核心要素。笔者采用浙江金华、江西贵溪和樟树、贵州黎平等4个试验点的12个油茶无性系单株产量数据,应用联合方差分析,G×E互作分析和AMMI模型分析等方法分析基因型与环境互作效应及鉴别力,并用双标图方法分析其无性系稳定性差异。结果表明,油茶单株产量在无性系间和不同试验点间都呈现极显著差异,无性系×环境互作呈现显著差异。林分中单株产量在8 kg以上的高产植株只占林分总株数的27.86%,而贡献的产量占58.4%,即林分中不到1/3的高产树贡献了林分近2/3的产量,这个比例和实生林分接近。参试的40、4、53号无性系稳定性强,产量高; 166、20、21号产量中等,稳定性也中等; 而180号产量最低,但稳定性高; 3号产量较高,而稳定性最低。

Evaluation of yield and stability of Camellia oleifera Abel.clones

The yield and stability are key factors for breeding of Camellia oleifera. Using the combined variance analysis and G×E interaction analysis and AMMI model, the interaction between the clonal genotype and environment effect was evaluated, the production stability of the clones was also investigated by biplot visual analysis based on yield data of 12 clones of Camellia oleifera in 4 testing farms. The results showed that the differences of yield in different clones and test farms were extremely significant. The interaction between the clones and environment was also significant. The number of higher yield trees with more than 8 kg product per plant was only 27.86% of the total number of trees. However, these higher yield tress contributed 58.4% of total yield. In another word, less than 1/3 trees contributed nearly 2/3 yield in test farms. The similar result was observed in Camellia oleifera forest originated from seeds. The result suggested that the productivity of clone 40, 4, 53 are strongly stable with high yield. Whereas the clones 166, 20, 21 are medium yield and stable; The clone 180 is high stable with the lowest yield. Clone 3 is high yield with the lowest stability.