江西庐山景区近年来昆虫种群多样性动态研究

根据在庐山生物学野外实习采集的昆虫标本,对近年来庐山景区的昆虫种群多样性进行了分析。结果表明,从2006年至2011年,昆虫采集标本主要集中在16个目,昆虫物种数下降了一半,总体上表现为体型大的减少或消失,捕食性昆虫减少或消失,小型个体及危害植物的增多,大蚊和盲蛛是特例,呈增多趋势。从多样性指数上看,不论是香农-维纳指数、辛普森指数、均匀度指数还是优势度指数,有的逐年下降,有的出现波动,总趋势下降。所以,近年来庐山景区昆虫物种多样性已受到严重干扰,应引起重视,采取恢复栖息地、保持较高的景观异质性等措施来改善生境,恢复当地的昆虫多样性。

Dynamics of the biodiversity of insect population in Lushan scenic spot of Jiangxi Province in recent years

According to the insect specimen which were catched in Lushan in the periods of field practice of our school of life science,the dynamic of the biodiversity of local entomic community in the recent years is analysed.The results show in the six years from 2006 to 2011,the insect specimen mostly concentrate to the 16 items,the number of species have declined to its half.On the whole,the kinds of bigger bodily form decline gradually or disappear;insects of predacity are reducing gradually or disappear;the smaller bodily form and the insects which harm plants are gradually manifolding,the kinds of daddy-longlegs and the blind spiders are the particularity,present a trend of climbing.From the index of biodiversity,whether Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index,Evenness index or Dominance index,some decline year after year,some present fluctuation,but the overall direction is declining.so the biodiversity of entomic community in Lushan scenic spot have been affected badly.This phenomenon should arouse people to attach importance,to adopt some measures such as getting back insect＇s habitat and holding high sight heterogeneity to improve the environment,so that to get back the local entomic community biodiversity.