春秋时期鲁国历法研究的一些新观点

在阐述春秋时期鲁国历法研究的历史和现状的基础上,刍议历代春秋时期历法研究均不成功的原因;对月建、两次"日南至"、"三正"、频大月等重要议题进行重新审视;给出春秋时期鲁国244年间各年之岁首日期、JD和干支,并标出置有闰月的年。特别对春秋时期鲁国历法的建正、失闰和超闰等有争议的问题进行深入的研究,论证复原、重现春秋时期鲁国历谱的原则。最后讨论春秋时期各国历法的建正问题。

New Standpoint on the Calendar of State Lu of the Spring and Autumn Period

On the basis of the history and present condition in studying calendar of State Lu of the Spring and Autumn Period,this paper proposes the authors humble opinion about reasons for the failure in the study during each period.The authors looks anew closely at important topics in the discussion: installing 12 lunar months by the big dipper;two records in determining the Winter Lunar;"Sanzheng";a regulation of successively installing a lunar month of 30 days etc.The authors provides date,JD and the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches of the beginning of the year in every lunar year of State Lu during 244 years,indicates the year of installing intercalation.Particularly,they make a thorough study on the controversial questions,and demonstrate a principle for reappear calendar of State Lu.Finally,they discuss how to build the first month of lunar year about calendar of each country during the Spring and Autumn Period.