我国市售中老年奶粉营养素含量分析

分析87例市售不同品牌中老年奶粉产品的能量和各营养素含量分布和营养强化比例,根据食用方法折算出各样品每天可提供各营养素的量,与中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)中老年人群营养素推荐摄入量(RNI)数值进行比较,研究发现,不同品牌产品提供的能量和大部分营养素(蛋白质、碳水化合物、维生素A、维生素D、维生素C、维生素B₂、维生素B₆、叶酸、锌、镁、磷)含量比较接近,产品中含量的最大值与最小值比值小于10,而脂肪、钠、钙、维生素E、铁的含量范围波动较大,最大值与最小值比值分别为21.78、37.56、18.26、43.14、32.56。营养强化方面,维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素C,矿物质钙、铁、锌的强化比例均高于75%,而叶酸、镁和牛磺酸的强化比例相对较低,仅为20.69%、12.64%和9.20%,铜、锰的强化比例则不足10%。目前市售的中老年奶粉产品除少部分钙含量可以达到RNI数值,其他营养素含量均不能满足老年人群营养需要,建议建立中老年食品相关标准,进一步规范和保障中老年食品营养安全。

Analysis of Nutrient Content in Milk Powder for Middle-Aged and Elderly People in China

To analyze the distribution of energy and nutrient content and the proportion of nutritional fortification of 87 different brands of milk powder products for middle-aged and elderly people, the amount of nutrients provided by each sample per day was calculated in according to the edible method, and compared with Chinese dietary reference intakes (DRIs) and the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of the middle-aged and elderly population. The study found that the content range of energy and most nutrients (protein, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin B₂, vitamin B₆,folic acid, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus) in different brands of products were relatively similar, and the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the content in the products was less than 10. While the content range of fat, sodium, calcium, vitamin E and iron fluctuated greatly, the ratios of maximum value to minimum value were 21.78,7.56,8.26,3.14 and 32.56, respectively. In the aspect of nutritional fortification, the proportion of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc was higher than 75%, while the ratios of folic acid, magnesium and taurine were relatively low, only reached 20.69%, 12.64% and 9.20%, respectively. The proportion of copper and manganese was less than 10%. At present, except for the calcium in a small part of products reached the RNI value, the other nutrient contents could not meet the nutritional needs of the elderly people, it was suggested to establish relevant standards to further standardize and guarantee the nutritional safety of middle-aged and elderly foods.