加热过程对热带气旋生成的数值试验

用Pielke等的中尺度两维原始方程数值模式研究海气相互作用和其它非绝热加热过程对热带气旋生成的作用。进行了7种数值试验,即:(1)只考虑无云情况下的辐射加热作用;(2)考虑辐射加热和不均匀的云量效应;(3)只考虑海气交界面上的潜热和感热通量;(4)大尺度凝结、对流调整、辐射和洋面上潜热感热输送;(5)积云对流凝结加热和云天辐射;(6)积云对流凝结加热和洋面上的潜热感热通量;和(7)积云对流凝结加热、洋面上的潜热、感热通量和云天辐射等全部加热过程。 结果表明:积云对流凝结加热对热带气旋的生成起最重要的作用,大尺度凝结加热和对流调整趋于使低压填塞,而洋面上的潜热、感热通量也起不可缺少的作用。

The Numerically Experimental Study of the Heating Processes on the Genesis of Tropical Cyclone

The mesoscale two dimensional numerical primitive equation model by Pielke et al. is applied to study the air-sea interaction and other diabatic heating processes on the genesis of tropical cyclone. Seven numerical experiments are carried out, namely: (1) The rediative heating effect under the condition without cloud; (2) The radiative heating with the nonuniform cloud effect; (3) The latent and sensible heat fluxes on the air-sea interface; (4) The large scale condensation heating, the convective adjustment, the radiation with cloud and the latent and sensible heat transport over the sea surface; (5) The cumulus convective condensation heating and the radiation with cloud; (6) The cumulus convective condensation heating and the latent and sensible heat fluxes on the sea surface; and (7) The cumulus convective condensation heating, the latent and sensible heat transport on the air-sea interface and the radiation with cloud.The results indicate that the cumulus convective condensation heating plays the fundamental role in the formation of the tropical cyclone, the large scale condensation heating and convective adjustment tend to fill the low pressure, and the latent and sensible heat fluxes on the air-sea interface also have major effect and are indispensable.