中国古代丧服制度的政治内涵——父为长子服斩衰的讨论

在《仪礼·丧服》所规定的十一种服斩衰的情况中,父为长子服斩衰非常特殊,其不符合古代的三纲原则。丧服制度的根本精神和社会内涵是封建宗法制度,进一步而言,这种制度是为了维护政治秩序和社会稳定。宗法制度的核心和基础是嫡长子继承制,嫡长子承担着"传重"的特殊地位,是息纷止争的关键因素。所以,父为长子服斩衰深刻地反映了丧服制度所要表达的政治内涵。

THE POLITICAL CONNOTATIONS OF ＂MOURNING APPAREL＂ IN CEREMONIAL ETIQUETTE --DISCUSSION ON THE FATHER FOR THE ELDEST SON

There are eleven Zhaneui Mourning Dresses in ＂Mourning Apparel＂ in Ceremonial Etiquette. Father for the eldest son is very special, and it does not comply with the principles of the ancient Three Cardinal Guides and Five Constant Virtues. Fundamental spirit and social meaning of the Mourning Apparel is to maintain political order and social stability. The core of the patriarchal clan system is the succession system of ＂trueborn eldest son＂ which can end divergent interest dispute. So, father for the eldest son profoundly reflects the political connotations of ＂Mourning Apparel＂ in Ceremonial Etiquette.