10种贵州特有植物的种苗繁殖试验及其分布机理研究

本文报道了贵州10种特有植物的种苗繁殖栽培和特有分布机理的研究结果:小黄花茶Camellia luteoflora、美丽红山茶C.delicata、冬青叶山茶C.ilicifolia、狭叶瘤果茶C.neriifolia、长柱红山茶C.longistyla和贵州石笔木Tutcheria kweichowen-sis的播种出苗率分别为30.5%、70.0%、50.0%、53.0%、70.0%和49.0%,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别是51.7%、89.7%、89.7%、83.8%、87.5%、和71.0%;黄平槭Acer huangpingense、贵州槭A.guizhouensis、雷公山槭A.legongshanensis和红脉槭A.rubronervium的出苗率分别达60.3%、65.2%、72.0%和61.0%,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别为99.0%、95.0%、99.2%和50.1%。采用种子田间播种育苗、枝条扦插繁殖的方式进行种苗扩繁栽培研究,按植物系统发育类群分为槭树属4种、山茶属5种、石笔木属1种等3个组别,分别测定扩繁系数为0.93～1、0.93～1和1,苗木产出周期2～3年,并对这10种特有植物特有分布的机理进行了探讨。这10种植物对环境因子敏感,对适应生态环境的选择性强,但却能够迁地扩繁栽培并生长良好,这说明了这些植物特有分布的物种生物学特性及其生态环境适应性的特征。

A Study on Seedling propagation and Narrow Limited Distribution Mechanism of 10 Endemic Species in Guizhou

The paper reported the results of experiment and study on narrow limited distribution and cultivation expansion of 10 endemic species in Guizhou. The emergence rates were 30.5 %,70.0 %,50.0 %,53.0 %,70.0 % and 49.0 %,respectively for Camellia luteoflora,C. delicata,C. ilicifolia,C. neriifolia,C. longistyla,and Tutcheria kweichowensis. Their rates for survival number and germination number were 51.7 %,89.7 %,89.7 %,83.8 %,87.5 % and 71.0 %. The emergence rates for Acer huangpingense,A.guizhouensis,A. legongshanensis and A. rubronervium respectively were 60.3 %,65.2 %,72.0 % and 61.0 %. Their rates for survival number and germination number were 99.0 %,95.0 %,99.2 % and 50.1 %. Ex situ cultivation and expanded propagation had been conducted for 3 groups of Acer genus （4 species）,Camellia genus （5 species） and Tutcheria genus （1 species）. The results showed that their propagation coefficients were 0.93~1,0.93~1and 1; their product period was 2~3years. We also researched and summed up narrow limited distribution of the 10 endemic species in Guizhou. These plants were sensitive to environment factors and selective to ecological environment,but they could be propagated at different places and grow well,which showed clearly of two sides to these endemic species：narrow limited distribution of biological characteristics and adaptability of ecological environment.